The Ukrainian Fauna of Centrohelid Heliozoans (Protista) and its Comparison with the Faunas of Some Other European Countries
UDC 593.13
СРАВНЕНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ФАУНЫ CENTROHELIDA (PROTISTA) УКРАИНЫ И НЕКОТОРЫХ ДРУГИХ ЕВРОПЕЙСКИХ СТРАН
Л. Гапонова
Институт зоологии им. И. И. Шмальгаузена НАНУ, Киев, Украина,
lgaponova@gmail.com
L. Gaponova
Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, NationalAcademy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Centrohelid heliozoa (Centrohelida, Protista) is a widespread group of protists which has been reported from different freshwater habitats such as the rivers, streams, ponds, lakes, water channels and bogs. However, the difficulty in the identification of centrohelids by the light microscopy has prevented to receive more detailed data of the species diversity and distribution (Dürrschmidt, 1987).
The major of research of scaled heliozoans in general was based on the material from North and Central Europe. The knowledge of species diversity of the centrohelid heliozoans is still very much limited in a whole Europe. Moreover the peculiarities of centrohelid distribution in Europe and in the whole world have not yet completely studied. This paper is based on the samples collected from the different fresh-water reservoirs from the Ukrainian Polessie region (North Ukraine) in 2006–2007. The material was studied under the light and scanning electron microscope (JSM−35C).
Up to the present time, we collected and investigated the morphological structure of 9 species: Acanthocystis myriospina Penard, 1890, A. pectinata Penard, 1889, A. penardi Wailes, 1925, A. turfacea Carter, 1863, Choanocystis aculeata (Hertwig et Lesser, 1874), Raineriophrys erinaceoides (Petersen et Hansen, 1960), Polyplacocystis ambigua (Penard, 1904), P. coerulea (Penard, 1904) and Pterocystis foliscea (Dürrschmidt, 1985). One species, Pterocystis foliscea, was recorded here as a new species for the fauna of Eastern Europe as far as it was known only from Holland (Siemensma, 1991). Three species (Polyplacocystis ambigua, P. coerulea and Acanthocystis penardi) are recorded here as a new species for the fauna of Ukraine. Finally, 19 species of fresh-water centrohelids are recorded in the fauna of Ukraine according to our new and previous literature data.
According to literature data the world fauna of the fresh-water centrohelids includes 44 species. The most studied fauna of Holland includes 31 species, Germany – 28 species and Switzerland – 18 species. Therefore, at the present time about 27, 5 % of world fauna of fresh-water centrohelids is recorded in the Ukraine. The level of fauna knowledge on the fresh-water centrohelids in the Ukraine is high. It allows comparing it with the faunas of other European countries on the basis of the indexes of the faunal similarity. The Chekanovsky–Sorensen’s and Shimkevich–Simpson’s indexes were used to conduct such comparison. It was counted that the fauna of the Ukraine has the highest indexes of commonness with the faunas of Holland, Germany, Switzerland and Russia (index of Chekanovsky–Sorensen 55–47 %; index of Shimkevich–Simpson 81–50 %). The smallest similarity indexes were recorded for the fauna of Denmark, France, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein and Poland (index of Chekanovsky–Sorensen 11–12 %; index of Shimkevich–Simpson 50–100 %). It is likely that the low level of commonness with the fauna of the latter countries is determined by lack information about species composition of centrohelids in these regions.
In agreement with this data we can conclude that the faunal complexes of centrohelid heliozoans in different European countries are enough similar. But we shall need more detailed data of the species diversity of centrohelids from European countries to establish the peculiarities of their distribution more firmly and precisely.
Zoocenosis — 2007
Біорізноманіття та роль тварин в екосистемах: Матеріали ІV Міжнародної наукової конференції. – Дніпропетровськ: Вид-во ДНУ, 2007. – С. 61-62.