Moth biodiversity (Noctuidae, Lepidoptera) under conditions of transformed ecosystems of Kyiv and its region

UDC 595.78

Z. F. Klyuchko*, E. M. Klyuchko**, A. G. Lizunova***

*Shmalhausen Institute of Zoology, NAS Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
**Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NAS Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
***Kyiv T. G. Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine

БИОРАЗНООБРАЗИЕ СОВОК  (NOCTUIDAE, LEPIDOPTERA) В УСЛОВИЯХ ТРАСНФОРМИРОВАННЫХ ЭКОСИСТЕМ КИЕВА И ОБЛАСТИ

З. Ф. Ключко*, E. M. Ключко**, A. Г. Лизунова***

*Институт зоологии им И. И. Шмальгаузена НАН Украины,Киев,Украина
**Институт физиологии им. Богомольца НАН Украины,Киев,Украина
***Киевский национальный университет им. Т. Г. Шевченко, Киев,Украина

The territory of city Kiev with its regions is at the boundary line of 2 natural zones. The Northern part of Kiev region is at the zone of mixed forests (Ukrainian Polissya), and the Southern part is at the forest-steppe zone. The moths of boreal complex dominate at Kiev suburbs; moths that inhabit in forests of different types and parks. Contrary to forest-steppe areas, the natural biotopes of Polissya avoided significant anthropogenic changes for today. Forest-steppe part of Kiev region, as all forest-steppe Ukrainian regions, were under the more powerful anthropogenic pressure ever. There are the great squares that occupied by agriculture, there are a lot of arable lands, settled and seliteb places. Moth biodiversity in Kiev and surrounded areas is under the studying since 1901 (Круликовский, 1901). For today there were registered 383 moth species from 181 genera and 31 subfamilies. Besides of this, the territory of Kiev region is situated at the river Dnepr ecological corridor where inhabit more then half (58,7 %) of moth species that were registered for all Ukraine; among them there are 6 species from the Red Book of Ukraine. 21 moth species were registered for the first time for Kiev and Kiev regions: Polychrysia moneta F., Plusia putnami Grote, Cucullia prenanthis Bsd., Anarta myrtilli L., Eucarta virgo Tr., Epilecta linogrisea Den. & Schiff., Xestia cohaesa H.-S., Cerastis rubricosa Den. & Schiff. and others.

If to compare the contemporary moth specie content for Kiev urbocenosis (232 species) with the data of A. Lebedev (Лебедев, 1934; Лебедев, 1935) who registered 236 moth species in Kiev suburb Golosievo on 1931–1934; we can resume that dramatic changes at least in moth specie number has not happened during mentioned years. Indeed, the urbocenosis nucleus includes today the same moth species as 70 years ago. From other side, during these 70 years disappeared such moth species as Idia calvaria Den. & Schiff., Schinia cardui Hbn., Eremobia ochroleuca Den. & Schiff., Hypenodes humidalis Dbld., Dryobotodes eremita F.

During the period after the Second World War the urban Kiev territory spread tremendously forming mega polis, and caused the changes of the nature of its suburbs. New districts were built, the squares of former parks were changed, and new parks were planted. For example, the territory of Cyrillic Yar (with Babyn Yar) and surrounded territories were changed significantly. In these places L. Shelyuzhko (Шелюжко, 1923) had registered Schinia cardui Hbn., Pechipogo plumigeralis Hbn.; these species are absent now. Urban changes in other Kiev suburbs caused disappearing of natural plants and, respectively, natural butterfly fauna (including moth). After the making of artificial Kiev Sea at river Dnepr some steppe moth species disappeared due to water covering of their places of inhabitance.

Mediterranean and close to them species are rare in Kiev and its region, number of their representatives is low, they are registered predominantly at the steppe parts of hills and the same places. Another group of so-called euribionts has no clearly expressed biotope affiliation; they are polyfags, predominantly pests of agricultures.


Zoocenosis — 2009
Біорізноманіття та роль тварин в екосистемах: Матеріали V Міжнародної наукової конференції. – Дніпропетровськ: Ліра, 2009. – С. 207-208.